Prediction of the Road Accidents Severity Using Artificial Neural Network and Comparing with Multivariate Analysis Method
Mohammadreza
Keymanesh
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Faculty, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
author
Nassir
BaradaranRahmanian
Ph.D. Student, Civil Engineering Faculty, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
Prediction of the road accidents severity based on scientific methods can be considered as an important tool in road safety management and transportation engineering. This paper presents a methodology to identify and predict the severity of accidents on highways. The methodology is based on an experimental investigation carried out on an important corridor and arterial way located in khorasan-Razavi province. The study analyses accidents occurring between 1392 and 1395 and the data concerning the accidents that were acquired from police reports. The geometric data were acquired from field study and the related office. The data, organized and stored in a specific designed Geographic Information System (GIS), were processed using a series of statistical procedures, in particular, the results took out the following two models: Model 1 was produced by Multivariate Analysis (MVA) and the Model 2 was obtained using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique. Comparing the two models, it emerged that Model 2 is better than Model 1 because the total sum of the residual is lower. However, Model 1 is more efficient in estimating the black spots with a large number of accident.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
1
10
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_118084_7f2641a512ef1cc2d777d571fdeb9674.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.118084
Various methods of stabilizing dredged and carbonated soils
Masoud
Sadeghpour Monfared
M.Sc., Grad., Building & Housing Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
author
Iraj
Rahmani
Assistant Professor, Housing & Urban Development Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
author
Ata
Aghaei Araei
Associate Professor, Housing & Urban Development Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
Dredged soils are obtained from capital dredging (resulting from the construction of hydraulic structures) or maintenance dredging (from the maintenance of hydraulic structures). Due to the large volume, uselessness and low pollution of these soils; researchers are exploring using these materials as soil alternatives. Poor bearing capacity, fragmentation characteristic, and difficult behavior prediction; are some problems of carbonated soils. Also non-carbonated dredged soils often don’t have proper technical characteristics. The Persian Gulf has coasts covered with carbonated sediments, also forced to dredge. Due to the great importance of this waterway in the world economy and energy supply, as well as the problematic nature of its carbonated soil (for example, creating problems for oil extraction platforms); The Persian Gulf’s carbonated soil, like dredged soil, needs to be improved. One of the most widely used soil improvement methods is stabilization. Besides the use of new materials (such as polymer and fiber), stabilization by cement and lime are still the most common stabilization methods for variety of soils. In addition to economic value, it will also be environmental and technical importance to consider the possibility of using it in engineering structures such as road bodies as base and subbase. Soil improvement is done in various additives and methods. Depending on the type of soil and materials in each area, the appropriate stabilization method varies; therefore, the same prescription for soil stabilization cannot be proposed. This paper focuses on carbonated and dredged soils, their stabilization methods; and reviews some practical experiences of stabilizing them.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
11
42
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_123064_c95c926018dadf0e0c5ec27502c57d98.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.123064
Effective Measures to Reduce Factors Affecting Increase in Cost of Bridge Projects
Seyed Navid
Mirhashemi
Bachelor of Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Molana Institute of Higher Education, Qazvin, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
The purpose of this study was to identify effective measures to reduce cost factors in Alborz province bridge construction projects. In the present study, similar studies were first reviewed and then a questionnaire was identified and collected based on 58 common factors of cost. The statistical questionnaire was distributed to 30 selected respondents among the client, contractor and consultant who had appropriate experience in bridge construction. The collected data were analyzed and 15 factors out of 58 identified the highest scores. After analyzing the data using factor analysis method in SPSS software, the results showed that out of 15 indices 5 The final factor had eigenvalues above one that were identified as the main drivers of cost increases, accounting for 84.269% of the variance. The questionnaire was then given to 30 experts to take effective measures to reduce each of the cost-enhancing factors. The data collected were analyzed using content analysis method to rank the reduction measures according to their importance from the perspective of the respondents. The results of this study will be useful for bridge projects that are used as reference for taking appropriate measures to control the high cost of bridge construction projects in the province.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
43
52
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_99590_350ce6d55e526aa0b3f89e3cdec77daa.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.99590
Self-Healing Mechanism in Bitumen and Asphalt Pavement
Mahdi
Zalnezhad
Assistant Professor, Highways and Transportation Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
author
Ebrahim
Hesami
Assistant Professor, Highways and Transportation Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
Roads are considered as the infrastructural and strategic capital of each country. A main part of the budget is allocated to the repair and maintenance of the roads. Any damage to the asphalt pavement will cause disturbance in the performance of the vehicles, which result in reduced driving safety and reduced riding levels. The damages to the asphalt pavement are due to various factors. In general, due to traffic jams, these damages emerge as small cracks in the pavement system, among which fatigue and cracks resulting from are the main causes of failure in the asphalt pavement. In fact, as a result of repeated loading, these small cracks are expanded in the form of fatigue cracking and eventually cause the rupture of the structure of the asphalt pavement. A major part of the annual budget is allocated to the repair and maintenance of the roads and eradicates the damages caused by the cracks. One of the factors that can be effective in increasing the fatigue life of the asphalt pavement is the self-healing potential of bitumen and asphalt. Self-healing means the ability to retrieve mechanical properties such as rigidity and resistance, as well as the return of displacement resulting from the opening of the cracks during the rest period and the high temperature period. In this research, the self-healing phenomenon and the factors affecting it are investigated, and the indices for measuring this asphaltic phenomenon are introduced and the results of the most recent studies are presented
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
53
74
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_125335_0ff4d18b0df6fa02e755fcc5493bed9d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.125335
Effect of subway stations on the peripheral streets
Mohammad
Sadat Hoseini
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Traffic Police Department, Tehran, Iran.
author
Ayyob
Mansory
M.Sc. Grad., Faculty of Traffic Police Department, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
Tehran as a metropolitan is faced with numerous traffic difficulties. One of the proposed solutions is building subway transit lines. Subway stations have some side effects on the peripheral streets, including taxi and private car parking violations around the stations’ entries. In this research, the effect of subway stations on the traffic of peripheral streets is studied. As a case study, one of the subway stations near the Tehran’s emporium is studied. Field study is used for completing the researcher made questionnaire. Three samples are questioned including taxi drives, passengers and police officers. It has been shown that presence of taxis and car parking near the subway station entries has a negative effect on the peripheral streets; but none of these factors has an effect of more than 50 percent. In addition, according to the questioned persons, it is better that subway station entries to be in minor streets to avoid traffic congestion in the peripheral streets. In this research, it is shown that taxi drivers try to near the entry of stations as much as they could for taking the passengers up. Most of the subway passengers use taxis for continuing their trip.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
75
84
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_124805_b3fc47410096572a795fc60118cc46d5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.124805
An analysis of the economic effects of transportation in Gorgan
Fazlullah
Esmaeili
Assistant Professor, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mehdi
Khodadad
M.Sc., Grad., Golestan University, Golestan, Iran
author
Maryam
Shiravand
M.Sc., Grad., Golestan University, Golestan, Iran
author
text
article
2021
per
Urban transportation is one of the sectors that, in addition to its direct impact on economic growth, plays a significant role in the development and growth of other sectors of the urban economy, so that in cities of developing countries, often between 15 and 25 percent of the budget, between 8 to 16 percent of household income and more than 33 percent of investments in urban infrastructure in the transport sector. No matter how much transportation has a positive and increasing impact on the urban economy, it has negative effects, including increasing the costs of urban environmental pollution, the cost of accidents and the costs of fuel losses, so the present study With the aim of evaluating and analyzing the transport position on the urban economy, using descriptive-analytical method and real data extracted from organizational resources in Gorgan city. The results of the research show that about 107465 liters of gasoline per day is spent on the amount of 75.2 billion rials from national resources. Also, the cost of damage accidents is equal to 2.9 billion rials per year. Urban transport produces 40583 kilograms of environmental pollution per year. On the other hand, the transport sector in Gorgan has 18678 people. Finally, the development of public transportation in Gorgan has been able to reduce the monthly costs of low-income groups by 16%.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
85
94
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_90591_6bdfce2fe522f423d13588bae562ef6a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.90591
Research in green logistics operations; Take a look at the dimensions and aspects, issues, contributions and challenges
Kasra
Pourkermani
Assistant Professor, Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran.
author
Mostafa
Nemati
Graduate of Marine Transport, Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
The growth of the world economy in the last century has led to the consumption of many goods, and on the other hand, the process of globalization has led to the formation of huge flows of goods around the world; But the production, transportation, storage and consumption of these goods have created many environmental problems. Today, global warming due to the production and widespread emission of greenhouse gases is a major environmental concern. Governments, working groups and large corporations are preparing to face this threat. The field of operations research has a long history of improving operational methods, especially in reducing costs. In this study, the authors summarize the significant contributions of operations research to green logistics, which includes a combination of environmental dimensions and aspects in procurement processes. By focusing on the design, planning, and oversight of the supply chain, inventory, and facility decisions provide a summary of current developments and developments that may occur in the future. In this direction, various researches that have studied OR models of logistics programs from environmental dimensions will also be mentioned.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
95
114
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_124804_027ab743a8acd33ff7a8ff6582dcddca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.124804
Investigation of Effective Factors in the Severity of Rural Road Accidents in Guilan to Determine the Most Effective Factors and Provide Safety Solutions
Neda
Kamboozia
Assistant Professor, Department of Road and Transportation Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mahmoud
Ameri
School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
author
Seyyed Mohsen
Hosseinian
M.Sc., Student, Department of Road and Transportation Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
The increasing number of vehicles on rural roads as a result of population growth has led to one of the most important problems of the transportation system, namely traffic accidents, which affects the economic and social situations of the people. Guilan province is one of the most beautiful tourist areas in northern Iran and many business and leisure trips are made to this area. As a result of these trips, road accidents occur. Investigation of accidents in terms of effective factors makes it possible to predict the occurrence or non-occurrence of accidents requiring relief equipment. In addition, the impact of each factor on the severity of accidents can be examined. It is obvious that such knowledge will lead to the possibility of developing traffic safety programs for traffic engineers, and they can also have a better understanding of the factors that have a positive or negative impact on the severity of accidents. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the severity of traffic accidents on rural roads of Guilan province to determine the most important factors affecting the occurrence of these accidents. In this study, using frequency analysis, the variables were explored and finally, in accordance with the results, safety solutions were proposed to increase safety and reduce accidents on these roads.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
115
128
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_118083_18239ca4aaf4d1f58778e26bc040d754.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.118083
Numerical Investigation of Road Response to Dynamic Vibration of Machine Foundation
Masoud
Nasiri
Ph.D. Candidate, Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Ahmad Reza
Mazaheri
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran.
author
Ali
Amiri
B.A. Student, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
Investigating the effects of machine and the vibrational effects created on its subsoil, especially on road surfaces, is one of the most important issues in soil dynamics. In this study, the foundation behavior on the road surface, which has been affected by vibration with a range of 10 and 20 kN/m2 and a frequency of 10 and 20 Hz, has been investigated. The ground response at different points in both dry and saturated states and in two states without damping and with Rayleigh damping was investigated at different distances from the foundation. Two-dimensional Finite Element software (PLAXIS) has been used for numerical analysis. The results of numerical analysis have shown that by increasing the frequency and amplitude of the vibration up to twice, the maximum values of displacement, maximum speed and maximum acceleration on the road surface will be doubled. However, when only the applied frequency is doubled and the amplitude value does not change, the displacement and velocity changes in the soil are not very significant. However, the rate of acceleration changes in the soil is doubled. This indicates the effect of frequency on the rate of acceleration.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
129
144
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_113821_cdaf3bf2c53aed8f59a7dbad8c8e3f31.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.113821
Screening out hazardous corridors using project-level Empirical Bayes:Case Study: Khorasan Razavi Province
Abolfazl
Mohammadzadeh Moghaddam
Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Esmaeel
Ayati
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Hamid Reza
Behnood
Assistant Professor, Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
author
Hossein
Raisianzadeh
M.Sc. Grad., Civil Engineering, Amirkabir University
of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
per
A mainstep towards safety management system is identifying hazardous road locations. This can be implemented in either project or site-specific level. Many situations especially like optimizing and allocating safety budgets within a jurisdiction; Prioritizing corridors for inspection, scheduling and distributing Police patrols and mobile emergency management and lack of enough precision in crash data over the segment level, application of project-level Empirical Bayes method would give an appropriate estimation of project-level(corridor) crashes in order to identify corridors with promise. The present study is an application and introduction of project-level EB method based on fatal and injury crashes of khorasan Razavi province using 1391&92 crash data. For this to achieve, safety performance functions with the aid of generalized linear model assuming negative binomial distribution for error term were separately developed for each severity level. For developing the models 69 homogeneous from 31 corridors of khorasan Razavi province were addressed. Then, through aggregating crash recorded data and estimated ones over the segments of each corridor using project-level EB method an appropriate estimation of 31 corridors were obtained; therefore, prioritizing was fulfilled. The results revealed that road type and vehicle-kilometer driven (VKT) had a significant effect on crashes across different injury levels. Evaluating the models according R2adj and cumulative residual plot (CSR) indicated that the models have satisfactory performance at 95% significant level. Eventually, Sabzevar-Kahak, Baghcheh-Torbat Heidarie and Sarakhas-Mashad were prioritized as the triplicate first ranks for further investigation.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
29
v.
106
no.
2021
145
159
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_84274_38ea4825c119b6691d085c9b2b75dcab.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/road.2021.84274