Review of Safety Measures to Reduce Speed-related Crashes
K.
Aghabayk
Assistant Professor, School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Ramezani
Tehran Engineering and Technical Consulting Organization, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
Speeding reduces a driver’s ability to react and maneuver and results in a greater stopping distance. According to the literature, inappropriate speed is resulted from two basic problems. One is the selecting inappropriate speed while the proper speed is clear. The other is the failure to perceive the proper speed according to the environment. Regardless of the reason, speeding increases the crash severity and is among the most significant contributing factors to fatal crashes. The current paper presents the potential measures which can address these types of problems. These measures include 1) set appropriate speed limit 2) improve driver awareness of speeding-related safety issues 3) improve speed enforcement efforts 4) communicate appropriate speeds, and 5) make sure that roadway design and traffic control elements support appropriate and safe speeds. With the review of the potential and practical safety measures, the manuscript provides a complete package which can be of notable interest for researchers aiming to reduce speed-related crashes.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
1
12
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61630_232da2ff41784b949afee342aad8aa49.pdf
Investigating the Properties of Base Layer Containing Recycled Portland cement And Asphalt Concrete
H.
Taherkhani
Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
author
A.
Saleh Ahari
Ph.D. Candidate, Civil Engineering Department, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
author
B. G.
Dastjerdi
Graduated student in Highway and Transportation Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
Enormous amounts of waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings and pavements have created problems for the environment. In this research, various percentages of base material made of natural aggregate have been replaced with recycled concrete and asphalt that has been crushed and graded, and some physical and engineering properties have been studied. Physical properties such as density and water absorption, cleanliness, hardness and resistance to abrasion and performance properties including compaction characteristics, load-bearing capacity (CBR) and hydraulic conductivity have been evaluated. The results show that, in terms of the criteria specified in specifications for base materials, the mixtures containing recycled aggregates are weaker; however, but most of them satisfy the requirements of specification to be used as highway pavement base layer. In terms of load-bearing capacity defined by CBR, all the mixtures containing recycled concrete aggregates satisfy the minimum requirement of 80% for CBR, but some of the mixtures containing recycled asphalt concrete aggregate do not satisfy the CBR requirement. The results of permeability test show that the permeability increases with increasing recycled asphalt replacement, and decreases with increasing recycled concrete replacement. In addition, highest increase of permeability is obtained by replacing the fine fraction of natural aggregate with recycled asphalt, and the lowest permeability is obtained by replacing the fine fraction of natural aggregate with recycled concrete aggregate (11 times lower than the control mixture). Crease in permeability (an increase of about 5 times) and fine-grained concrete placement caused the largest decrease in permeability.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
13
26
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61637_6bd5a14e95acb4533dce1a77421d303d.pdf
Evaluation of the Results of Indirect Tensile Tests of Warm Mix Asphalts Using ABAQUS Software
B.
Golchin
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
author
D.
Rahimi
M.Sc., Grad., Department of Civil Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
The results of indirect tensile strength tests may provide good information about the performance of asphalt mixtures. This performance can be analyzed using finite element software, as well.In the present study, the indirect tensile test on specimens of asphalt mixtures with viscoelastic properties were modeled using ABAQUS software and the results of modeling were compared with the laboratory results. For experimental modeling, seven asphalt mixtures samples were modeled in the bold and deformable form. Loading strips with regard to the fact that they have a higher hardness than the asphalt mixtures samples were modeled as steel material in the rigid form. Applied load was transferred in an interaction manner between the surface of loaded bars and the samples. The values of resilient modulus were obtained by testing of asphalt mixtures in an indirect tensile strength test apparatus. Prony series coefficients were selected to define the viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mixtures and they were determined using Design Expert software and RSM method. Then, the vertical deformation results from modeling were compared with experimental results. The comparison showed that there was a significant relationship between the experimental results and modeling results.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
27
38
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61636_5c58bf7787b4b9de4847c059cb8abbcf.pdf
Introduction of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods and Its Application in Transportation and Traffic Planning
A.
Tavakoli Kashani
Assistant Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
author
M
Azizi Bondaeabadi
Ph. D., School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
Decision-making is a field that humans have always faced in their life. Almost all the people in their decisions are required to check options by considering multiple criteria. Issues in the field of transport planning due to extensive impact on diverse subjects such as economic, social, cultural, environmental, safety and … is faced with multiple options. This multiplicity of criteria and options, as well as the existence of multiple stakeholders and influential led to decision-making in this area, would be complex and difficult. Because of these Specifications, recently researchers and managers in the field of transportation used Multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method for make better and reliable decisions. Techniques in this field are very widely so that there are hundreds of books with different techniques. This article presents some techniques that are applicable to the fields of transport. The purpose of this article is present these techniques in a simple and practical way for managers and researchers who want to use them for their decision-making and avoided to address the positive aspects and statistical techniques.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
39
54
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61638_d36032e1ddfe55795d4ac8630dbee0fa.pdf
Traffic Signal Control of a Crossroad Using Reinforcement Learning Methods (Q-Learning, Sarsa, Eligibility Traces)
A.R.
Arabi
M.Sc. Student, Electrical and Biomedical Faculty, Sadjad University of Technology, Mashhad, Iran
author
A
Noori
Ph.D. Student, Electrical and Biomedical Faculty, Sadjad University of Technology, Mashhad, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
per
One of the most important goals of research in the field of transportation is optimizing of traffic flows. Today there are many problems in traffic flows such as continuous growth of vehicles, the limitation in the resources provided by the current infrastructure and the nonlinear, dynamic and random nature of the traffic flow. For solving this problem, use of intelligent methods in controlling the flows of traffic, especially the methods of reinforcement learning is investigated. In addition to simplicity and lack of computational complexity, the learning procedure is model free that is there is no need of a mathematical model. Other advantages of this method are the ability to adapt to environmental conditions and robustness to environmental changes. In this paper, traffic control of an intersection is carried out using three methods of reinforcement learning (Q-learning, SARSA, and Eligibility traces). Simulation results indicate that eligibility traces method is more efficient than the two other methods of Q-learning and Sarsa, which has been used previously in traffic control articles.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
55
68
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61633_6f44e5b3f5f933b0b8307d5c9f52e04a.pdf
Technical and Economical Comparison of Different Methods of Temporary and Sustainable Stabilization of Soil Slopes (Case Study: Science and Research
Branch-Islamic Azad University)
O.
Tavasoli
Assistant Prof., Department of Civil Engineering, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
author
B.
Nadi
Assistant Prof., Department of civil engineering, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
author
H.
Ousali
M.Sc., Department of Civil Engineering, East Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Sh.
Nourai Kia
M.Sc., Department of Civil Engineering, East Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
One of the important issues in the slope stabilization especially in urban spaces, roads etc. is the technical, economic, environmental and space constraints, which impose particular conditions on any project. Undoubtedly, seismic evaluation is one of the most important issues in this field, and the study of dynamic stability and reinforcement of slopes against earthquake hazards can prevent many mortal and financial losses. In this paper, the stability of the slopes in the northwest of Tehran located at the Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, which is adjacent to access roads and structures, has been investigated in static and dynamic conditions using the ABAQUS software based on finite element method. In addition, by using four methods of stabilization including soil nailing, anchor, reinforced retaining wall with geogrid and gabion, the slope stability has been analyzed by investigating and comparing the coefficient of safety factor and reliability, deformation and failure mechanism and also, the economic analysis of construction in two cases without and with stabilization. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that in addition to the soil resistance parameters, slope geometry and stabilization method have a significant role in the dynamic responses and among the technically and economically investigated methods, the stabilization using reinforced retaining wall with geogrid, increases the reliability and safety factor and provides sufficient sustainability which led to reasonable execution costs.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
69
85
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61639_290887ad64df84dce849c252b8b82ae2.pdf
An Overview of the Concepts Earthquake and Applications of Seismic Risk Analysis and the Introduction of Methodology PSHA and DSHA
A.
Bakhshipour Sedaposhte
Ph.D. Student, Islamic Azad University, Engineering Department Maragheh Branch, University of Maragheh, East Azarbayjan, Iran
author
M.
Fahimi Farzam
Assistant Professor, Engineering Department University of Maragheh, East Azarbayjan, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
In many parts of the world, the earthquake hazard for human activities is a factor for the careful consideration of the design of structures and facilities. An earthquake hazard analysis is considered as a quantitative estimate of the risks of earthquakes in a particular location. When a specific earthquake is investigated, a deterministic hazard analysis is used; however, a probabilistic hazard analysis is needed when the uncertainty of time, size and location should be considered. In the method of determining the magnitude of the generated and the rupture distance from the site is determined precisely and definitely, and the risks of a particular earthquake are investigated, but in our probabilistic approach, we consider the limits. In the risk analysis of various factors, such as distance from the source of earthquake, the magnitude of the earthquake, the type of soil, and ..., a design parameter is finally proposed. The purpose of this paper is to review the general seismic hazard analysis and its methods, considering the lack of Persian resources and the need to review important points and explanations for this issue for engineers and students.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
87
104
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61634_41f5b03f8ed5d12ef642c5d87b6356cf.pdf
Study of Soils Liquefaction Effect on Double Tunnels under Harmonic Loads
A. A
Jamsahar
M.Sc., Student, Civil Engineering Department, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
author
M.
Azadi
Associate Prof. Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
per
Liquefaction is one of the destructive phenomena that every year causes a lot of damages to engineering structures. Tunnels are a type of engineering structure and they are considered as one of the most important and essential requirements of modern urbanization. Depending on their rigidity, these structures are affected by various deformations based on their surrounding soil. In saturated sand soils by applying dynamic load in untrained condition, pore water pressure increases, effective stress between particles decreases and shear strength is removed and consequently it results in consistency of soil , and imposed internal forces on tunnel lining, deformations and surface settlements have increased compared to static state. In this study, by using FLAC-2D software the single and twin tunnel has been modeled and the effect of changes in soil parameters (friction angle, adhesion, elastic modulus and Poisson coefficient), geometric characteristics of the tunnel (diameter, embedded depth and distance of tunnels) and harmonic load characteristics (frequency, load range) on surface settlement and internal forces of tunnel lining have been investigated through static and dynamic analysis. This study showed that in soils that are susceptible to liquefaction, these parameters will have a significant effect on surface settlement and internal forces of the tunnel lining. One of the findings is the reduction of liquefaction potential, surface settlement and increase of internal forces by increasing the adhesion and embedded depth. In this study the results are presented in detail using charts and tables.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
105
128
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61632_385c2e207a9a2a2bf13c43a811e1a0fc.pdf
Model for Determining Minimum Distance Legibility of Guide Signs Based On Volume of Information
S.
Hesami
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani
University of Technology, Iran
author
M.
Saffarzadeh
Professor, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering,
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
A. M.
Broujerdian
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil & Environmental
Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
author
M.
Atghaei
M.Sc., Grad., Department of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani
University Of Technology, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
With the increasing population and with the increasing demand for transport, State Highway Network developed, and traffic equipment for increase their safety in more feel. One of the most important equipment that related to road safety is guide signs. So For this purpose, the guide signs must have the best performance. Therefore , To assess legibility ofguide signs, in this study , after designed two series of Guide Signs ; that the first series and a second series consists of 21 signs and 28 signs were ; By using software DMDX , with regard to conditions , Perception-Reaction Time (PRT) of Reading Signs Registered by users and saved in the system . Finally, with regard to restrictions on the viewing angleand the factors affecting it, the final model is the minimum distance legibility of guide signs is based on the volume of information presented.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
129
147
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61635_1e8c5086dffea06223adb55ede634026.pdf
Strategic Planning In Transport Industry Case Study:Fajr-E-Jahad Internal Transport Company
K.M.
Cyrus
Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering & Management Systems, AmirKabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
author
M.R.
Aghazade
M.Sc., Department of Industrial Engineering & Management Systems, AmirKabir University of Technology, Marketing & project manager at BECG, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Nazari
M.Sc., Department of Industrial Engineering & Management Systems, AmirKabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
Generally companies represent better performance in shadow of strategic management concepts application. MABENA strategic management model is one of the models in field of strategic management. This model is an Almost appropriately hybrid model for Iranian organizations. This study aims to develop strategies (strategic planning) for Fajr-e Jahad internal transport company, based on MABENA model. In this regard, according to the mentioned model primarily the first set of MABENA model (strategic knowledge) was launched after steering committee formation for studies. Then, based on these results, providing direction-making elements was set on the agenda, Based on the strategic studies, key elements and by using IEFE pattern formulation the company’s macro strategy was achieved the company's overall strategy of maintaining and trying to keep the relative position. According to different approaches macro goals and key strategies were developed for the company and finally strategies were prioritized based on Consulting Group’s view in order to organization mission and vision realization by using QSPM method. These prioritized strategies respectively are: 1. Coordinating with Saba Jahad board of directors, Interior Ministry and Atie-Saba pension fund. 2. Penetration in Domestic (Internal) market based on subsidiaries Saba Jahad, SabaAtie, and in the local level (Middle East). 3. Passing the go-go to prime of the organizational lifecycle (organizing and systematic organization development). 4. Institutionalizing total quality management on corporate activity level.
Road
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-062X
26
v.
94
no.
2018
149
166
https://road.bhrc.ac.ir/article_61631_ecdd5686b78d518f1715791e8df806b2.pdf