جاده

جاده

بررسی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر افزایش ایمنی گذرگاه‌های عابر پیاده با استفاده از تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد‌، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد‌، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران
چکیده
ایمنی عابران پیاده یکی از چالش‌های اساسی حمل‌ونقل شهری است، زیرا گذرگاه‌های عابر به‌عنوان نقاط بحرانی ترافیک بیشترین احتمال وقوع تصادفات را دارند. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر ارتقای ایمنی گذرگاه‌های عابر پیاده انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر به صورت کتابخانه‌ای و پرسشنامه‌ای انجام شده است. برای مدیریت ابهام در قضاوت‌های کارشناسان، از روش تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی فازی استفاده گردید. ابتدا با مرور نظام‌مند 120 مقاله و گزارش ترافیکی، 26 مؤلفه کلیدی در پنج دسته شامل ویژگی‌های هندسی و طراحی، کنترل و علائم ترافیکی، عملکرد جریان، عوامل رفتاری و انسانی، و شرایط محیطی شناسایی شد. سپس داده‌های حاصل از پرسشنامه‌های مقایسات زوجی فازی با مشارکت 30 کارشناس تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد معیار «شدت تأثیر بر ایمنی» و «امکان اجرا بدون تخریب گذرگاه» بیشترین وزن را داشتند. در میان مؤلفه‌ها، خط‌کشی گذرگاه، رفع موانع دید و نورپردازی به‌عنوان اولویت‌های اصلی معرفی شدند؛ مداخلاتی که سریع، کم‌هزینه و با اثرگذاری مستقیم بر دیدپذیری هستند. در مقابل، عواملی مانند نوع کاربری زمین و حجم ترافیک به دلیل هزینه و دشواری اجرا در اولویت پایین قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد تمرکز بر اقدامات ساده و کم‌هزینه می‌تواند به‌طور مؤثر ایمنی گذرگاه‌های عابر پیاده را افزایش دهد.
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