A Comprehensive Review on Pervious Concrete Pavements: Interplay Between Mechanical Integrity, Clogging Mechanisms, and Restorative Maintenance Protocols

Pervious concrete pavements (PCPs) have emerged as a pivotal green infrastructure alternative for sustainable stormwater management and urban hydrology attenuation. Despite their profound environmental merits, their widespread commercialization is traditionally restricted by the intrinsic trade-off between hydraulic conductivity and mechanical durability, compounded by long-term progressive clogging. This review delivers a rigorous, state-of-the-art synthesis of current literature focusing on the multi-objective optimization of PCPs' compressive strength, pore architecture tortuosity, and sediment entrapment dynamics. The efficacy of diverse aggregate matrix modifications, sustainable binder replacements (e.g., supplementary cementitious materials and industrial by-products), and innovative active/passive maintenance methodologies are critically evaluated. Furthermore, the review contextualizes the hydraulic serviceability of PCPs within tropical environments, identifying critical gaps between laboratory-scale simulations and real-world field evaluations. The insights compiled herein provide a strategic framework for researchers and infrastructure engineers to systematically navigate existing literature, address structural-hydraulic performance trade-offs, and accelerate the field deployment of next-generation sustainable urban pavements.