The Role and Position of Logistics Hubs in Improving the Supply Chain and the Necessity of Their Development in Iran

With the intensification of global trade and the increasing complexity of supply chains, logistics centers have emerged as critical nodes in enhancing the efficiency, integration, and sustainability of freight transportation systems. By consolidating logistics operations—such as storage, transshipment, customs clearance, and value-added services—within a defined geographic area and leveraging multimodal transport networks, these centers facilitate cost reduction, improve operational productivity, and contribute to environmental sustainability through reduced emissions and optimized vehicle movements. Recognized in transport and logistics literature as strategic infrastructure, logistics centers play a pivotal role in strengthening trade connectivity and supporting national and regional economic development. Despite their importance, there is no universally standardized definition in scholarly discourse; various terms such as freight villages, logistics hubs, and distribution centers are used interchangeably, reflecting differences in function and regional context. This study seeks to clarify conceptual definitions, categorize types of logistics centers, and evaluate Iran’s current logistics landscape in comparison with global best practices. The findings reveal that, despite possessing considerable geostrategic and infrastructural potential, Iran continues to face structural and institutional challenges that hinder the full realization of an integrated logistics network. Addressing these challenges requires strategic policymaking, investment in modern logistics infrastructure, and adoption of smart technologies aligned with international standards.