مروری بر اقدامات ایمنی جهت کاهش تصادفات در تقاطع‌های چراغدار

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، مدیر پل و بزرگراه سازمان مشاور فنی و مهندسی شهر تهران، ایران

چکیده

جریان‌های مستقیم و گردشی در تقاطع با ایجاد تداخل بین وسایل نقلیه با هم، وسایل نقلیه با عابر پیاده و یا وسایل نقلیه با دوچرخه، باعث بروز تصادف می‌شوند. به همین علت اگرچه تقاطع‌ها تنها بخش کوچکی از شبکه راه را تشکیل می‌دهند، اما نقاط تمرکز تصادف می‌باشند. تقاطع‌های چراغدار به طور کلی شلوغ‌ترین نوع تقاطع بوده و نقش مهمی در ایمنی از جمله تصادفات منجر به فوت دارند. عملکرد تقاطع‌های چراغدار پیچیده بوده و فاکتورهای زیادی در مسائل ایمنی آن مؤثر است. طرح هندسی و کنترل ترافیکی مناسب تقاطع می‌تواند منجر به عملکرد کارا و ایمن تقاطع شود. لذا این مقاله در ابتدا به تشریح اقدامات مربوط به اصلاح هندسی و ارتقای تجهیزات کنترل ترافیک در تقاطع‌های چراغدار جهت بهبود ایمنی آنها می‌پردازد. هرچند مشکلات ایمنی در تقاطع‌های چراغدار ضرورتا تنها با اقدامات مهندسی حل نمی‌شود. لذا ممکن است نیاز به اقدامات دیگری همچون کمپین‌های اطلاع‌رسانی عمومی یا اعمال قانون برای ارتقاء ایمنی در تقاطع باشد. مطالعه پیش رو علاوه بر این اقدامات به تشریح سایر راهکارهای زیربنایی مرتبط جهت ارتقای ایمنی تقاطع‌های چراغدار می‌پردازد تا ابزار کاملی در اختیار مهندسین و متخصصین راه در هنگام طراحی یا رفع مشکلات ایمنی قرار دهد. 
 
 

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