جاده

جاده

شناسایی و بررسی شاخص‌های موثر بر انتخاب وسیله حمل‌ونقل کالا در زنجیره تامین لجستیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه برنامه‌ریزی حمل‌ونقل، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم‌وصنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه راه و ترابری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
3 دانشیار، گروه برنامه‌ریزی حمل‌ونقل، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم ‌و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مسئله حمل‌ونقل کالا، پایه و اساس پیشرفت جوامع بشری است و در ارتباطات میان کشورهای مختلف بطور قابل‌توجهی تاثیرگذار است. از مهم‌ترین پارامترهای مورد بحث در حمل‌ونقل کالا، مواردی چون حجم کالای جابه‌جا شده بین مبدا و مقصد، انتخاب نوع وسیله جهت جابه‌جایی کالا، تعیین مسیر و زمان‌بندی این جابه‌جایی‌ها هستند. در این میان انتخاب نوع وسیله، از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. انتخاب نوع وسیله نیازمند استفاده از شاخص‌ها و پارامترهایی مرتبط جهت تحلیل و ارزیابی است. شناخت این شاخص‌ها و پارامترهای مربوط به انتخاب نوع وسیله حمل بار، می‌تواند مطلوبیت هر شیوه را مشخص کرده و کمک شایانی به این روند داشته باشد. هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی و بررسی مهم‌ترین و موثرترین شاخص‌های مورد استفاده در انتخاب نوع وسیله حمل بار در تحقیقات پیشین با در نظرگیری حمل‌ونقل چندوجهی و نگاهی بر مهم‌ترین ذی‌نفان این حوزه است. علاوه بر آن، به بحث درخصوص مهم‌ترین و پرتکرارترین شاخص مورد استفاده در تحقیقات پیشین، یعنی هزینه حمل بار و نیز معرفی یک شاخص جدید تحت عنوان ارزش زمان جهت استفاده در تحقیقات آینده پرداخته می‌شود. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که شاخص‌های هزینه حمل بار، زمان حمل، مسافت حمل بار و قابلیت اطمینان از موثرترین شاخص‌های بررسی شده در انتخاب نوع وسیله حمل کالا هستند. همچنین شاخص‌های نوع کالا، وزن کالا، ارزش کالا، آسیب و ناپدید شدن بار بعنوان شاخص‌های موثر در درجه دوم اهمیت قرار می-گیرند.
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