جاده

جاده

ارزیابی شایستگی‌های مدیران با الگوی360 درجه وبررسی رابطه عملکرد سازمانی و رفتارشهروندی مدیر با ذی‌نفعان مختلف (شواهدی از چهار دوره ارزیابی مدیران اداره کل راه آهن خراسان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
چکیده
ارزیابی کارکنان و مدیران به لحاظ برتری در شاخص های رفتاری و عملکردی همواره یکی از پیچیده ترین چالشهای پیشروی سازمان ها بوده است. در روش سنتی، ارزیابی مدیران فقط با اعمال نظر مافوق انجام می شد. از آنجا که مدیران، عملکردهای مختلفی داشته و رفتارهای متفاوتی در مقابل ذینفعان مختلف از خود نشان می دهند؛ لذا می بایست مکانیزمی برای نحوه ارزیابی طرح ریزی گردد که همه شاخصهای رفتاری و عملکردی را شامل شده و باگردآوری نظرات مختلف از ذینفعان در سطوح مختلف، ارزیابی دقیق و جامعی حاصل گردد. در این راستا الگوی ارزیابی 360 درجه، روشی جامع و پرکاربرد در ارزیابی شایستگی های مدیران می باشد. این مقاله یک پژوهش میدانی در اداره کل راه آهن خراسان بوده و با استفاده از یک پرسشنامه معتبر که تاییدیه روایی آن به روش خبرگی و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و طی دو مرحله آزمون با فاصله زمانی معین با مقدار 98% و 96% مورد تایید قرار گرفت، انجام گردید. دوازده عنوان شایستگی مدیران در سه بعد ویژگی عملکردی، سازمانی و رفتاری طراحی و با استفاده از نظرات چهار ذینفع" خودارزیابی، نیروهای تحت سرپرستی، مدیران هم رده و مافوق " برای 41 نفر از مدیران، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. ارزیابی توسط سه معیار میانگین امتیازات، پراکندگی نظرات و میزان شناخت ارزیابی کننده وبا وزن دهی بروش آنتروپی شانون انجام و با تکنیک تصمیم گیری چند معیاره تاپسیس رتبه بندی گردید و توسط نمودار هیستوگرام به تحلیل رفتار مدیر با ذینفعان در سطوح مختلف سازمانی پرداخته شده است.
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