جاده

جاده

مروری بر کاربرد مفاهیم مکانیک شکست در بررسی رفتار روسازی‌‌های انعطاف‌پذیر و صلب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه راه و ترابری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه راه و ترابری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
3 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه راه و ترابری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
روسازی‌ها به دلیل آنکه مستقیما با شرایط محیطی و ترافیکی روبرو می‌باشند، عوامل زیادی جهت فرسایش و خرابی پیش رو خواهند داشت. با توجه به اینکه راه از مناطق مختلفی در طول مسیر خود عبور می‌نماید، این عوامل تخریب‌کننده نیز متغییر خواهند بود. عواملی چون نوع خاک، شرایط ترافیکی، بارندگی، یخبندان و غیره روسازی را دچار آسیب‌دیدگی نموده و لذا عمر آن را کاهش خواهند داد. یکی از راه‌های مناسب جهت بررسی تاثیرات عوامل ذکر‌شده بر فرایند گسترش ترک در روسازی‌های صلب و انعطاف‌پذیر، علم مکانیک شکست می‌باشد. مکانیک شکست، علم بررسی قطعات ترکدار از جمله نمونه‌های آزمایشگاهی روسازی می‌باشد که با استفاده‌ از پارامتر‌های آن از جمله چقرمگی و انرژی شکست، می‌توان رفتار روسازی‌های آسفالتی و بتنی در برابر رشد و انتشار ترک را مورد بررسی قرار داد. هدف از این مقاله، مروری بر مطالعات صورت‌گرفته در حالت‌های مختلف رشد ترک با تمرکز بر نمونه‌های جدید از جمله نمونه‌های SCB و ENDB است. مرور این مطالعات، به بهبود وضعیت تحقیقات آتی در زمینه مکانیک شکست روسازی کمک شایانی خواهد کرد. با توجه به رشد روز‌افزون روسازی‌های بتنی، بویژه روسازی‌های بتن غلتکی، انجام مطالعات تکمیلی در حوزه رفتار رشد ترک در این روسازی‌ها توصیه می‌گردد. همچنین استفاده از نمونه‌های ENDB در مباحث مکانیک شکست در حالت‌های مختلف بارگذاری در تحقیقات مختلف مربوط به روسازی‌ها به علت سادگی در انجام آزمایش‌ها توصیه شده است.
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