جاده

جاده

بررسی جامع بیمه تضمین کیفیت ساخت در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، دانشکده فناوری و اطلاعات و مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران
4 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، پردیس دانشکده‏های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
5 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
چکیده
اخیراً بیمه ‏نامه تضمین کیفیت ساختمان (عیوب اساسی و پنهان) با هدف ارتقای سطح کیفی سازه‏ های جدیدالاحداث و همچنین حمایت از حقوق خریداران در صنعت بیمه تعریف شده است. پیشتر این بیمه‏ نامه در اسناد چهارم و پنجم توسعه به مدت 11 سال به صورت بیمه ‏نامه اجباری مطرح شده بود اما این قانون به دلایل متعددی محقق نشد و در برنامه ششم توسعه به صورت کامل حذف گردید. از طرفی با وجود ابلاغیه این بیمه‏ نامه از سال 1387 توسط سازمان بیمه مرکزی به شرکت‏های بیمه‏ گر، تاکنون استقبال قابل قبولی از سوی سازندگان مسکن از این بیمه‏ نامه صورت نگرفته است. حال در پژوهش پیش‏رو با توجه به لزوم بسترسازی مناسب جهت اجرای این قانون که می‏تواند ضمانت ‏نامه ‏ای برای خریداران مسکن باشد، موانع فنی-اجرایی پیاده‏ سازی آن شناسایی شده است. برای این منظور، فاکتورهای مهم در عدم پیاده‏ سازی موفق این قانون استخراج گردید و با بحث و بررسی نهایتاً 8 عامل موثر شناسایی شد. سپس با استفاده از روش دلفی و ترکیب آن با روش تصمیم‏ گیری تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی کلیه این عامل‏ ها رتبه‏ بندی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که سه عامل نرخ بیمه ‏نامه، عدم ثبات اقتصادی در کشور و همچنین بازرس فنی بیمه ‏گر از مهم‏ترین دلایل عدم موفقیت این بیمه‏ نامه در ایران هستند.
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