جاده

جاده

جوانسازها و آینده روسازی‌های پایدار: از احیای قیر پیرشده تا بهبود عملکرد مخلوط آسفالت بازیافتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
2 استاد، گروه راه و ترابری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
استفاده از مصالح آسفالتی بازیافتی در مخلوط‌های آسفالتی، به‌عنوان راهکاری مؤثر برای کاهش مصرف مصالح خام، صرفه‌جویی اقتصادی و کاهش پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی صنعت راه‌سازی، در سال‌های اخیر مورد توجه گسترده قرار گرفته است. با این حال، وجود قیر پیرشده در مصالح آسفالتی بازیافتی می‌تواند به افزایش سختی و ویسکوزیته قیر، کاهش شکل‌پذیری، افت مقاومت در برابر ترک‌خوردگی و بروز چالش‌های دوام در روسازی منجر شود. در این مقاله، سازوکارهای اصلی پیرشدگی قیر و نقش جوان‌سازها در بازگرداندن تعادل میان اجزای مالتنی و آسفالتنی قیر تبیین شده است. همچنین، انواع جوان‌سازها از جمله بایو روغن‌ها، روغن‌های پسماند، روغن‌های روان‌کننده و محصولات تجاری، همراه با روش‌های تعیین مقدار بهینه و شیوه‌های اختلاط آن‌ها با مصالح آسفالتی بازیافتی مرور شده‌اند. نتایج مطالعات پیشین نشان می‌دهد که جوان‌سازها عموماً موجب افزایش نفوذپذیری و شکل‌پذیری و کاهش ویسکوزیته، نقطه نرمی و مدول مختلط قیر پیرشده می‌شوند. از نظر عملکرد مکانیکی، استفاده از جوان‌سازها می‌تواند مقاومت در برابر خستگی و ترک‌خوردگی و همچنین دوام رطوبتی مخلوط‌های آسفالتی بازیافتی را بهبود دهد؛ با این حال، مصرف بیش از حد آن‌ها ممکن است مقاومت در برابر شیارشدگی و چسبندگی قیر و مصالح سنگی را کاهش دهد. بنابراین، انتخاب نوع مناسب جوان‌ساز، تعیین دوز بهینه و کنترل شرایط اختلاط، عوامل کلیدی در دستیابی به مخلوط آسفالتی بازیافتی با عملکرد پایدار و قابل‌قبول محسوب می‌شوند.
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